Summer Palace
-- Bronze Ox --

Bronze Ox, located to the east of Seventeen-Arch Bridge, was cast in 1755 when
Emperor Qianlong expanded Summer Palace. On the back of the ox, an
80-character-posy wrote by Emperor Qianlong was inscribed, telling that the ox
was used to suppress flood. Cast with upturned horns and ears, the bronze ox
looks vigilantly at the Kunming Lake like a conscientious sentinel.
It was said that in ancient times, ox used to be a symbol of flood control. Early
in the Xia dynasty, whenever flood was brought under control, people used to
put an iron ox in the riverbed. In the Tang dynasty, people placed the ox by
the bank of the river instead in the riverbed. In the Qing dynasty, Emperor
Qianlong, following the Tang dynasty example, placed a bronze ox east of
Kunming Lake to bless the safe of the lake.

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